Wednesday, November 21, 2018

Activism and History writing assignment


Michi Suazo
November 20, 2018
Professor Doris Cacoilo
The Persistence of History Exhibit reaction paper

In the words of Gallery Directory, Midori Yoshimoto, “The concept of the exhibit is to bring in various aspects of history into contemporary art. These aspects that are usually unacknowledged are brought in by a diverse group of artists.” The Persistence of History exhibit displayed pieces by artists that included parts of their identity, historical events and political issues into their artwork. Keeping my semester project in mind—which is a column in the Gothic Times newspaper that I will write articles for twice every month—I have chosen three artists whose works resonated with me: Jaune Quick-to-See Smith, Gaku Tsutaja, and Debra Priestly.

Jaune Quick-to-see Smith working on sculptures

Jaune Quick-to-See Smith’s Trade Canoe: The Dark Side (2017-2018) is mixed media on canvas and portrays a white colonist (General George Armstrong Custer) and a Native American warrior (Tonto) at opposite ends of a trade canoe with a mountain of bones between them. What I find interesting with this piece is that the mountain of bones is present on both sides of the canoe which may imply that it is an observation by nature that both human beings kill. However, the mountain of bones is much bigger on the side of General Custer. Smith explores the marginalization and oppression of Native American identities as well as the destruction of its cultures. Upon doing further research, I found that Smith has something in common with Yayoi Kusama (the artist whose documentary film inspired me to form the semester project that I am currently developing). Like Kusama, Smith was told by her professor in high school that she drew very well but that she needed to think of a different career. She was told that she will never become an artist, and that women cannot be artists. Smith is also an art educator and a political activist. She is one of the most acclaimed Native American artists working today.

Debra Priestly with her piece, mattoon 5

Another work that immediately demanded my attention is Debra Priestly’s mattoon 5 (2002) which is composed of acrylic, photo transfer, ink and resin on wood. It is focused on memory and storytelling. This piece shows canning jars in a five by five grid that holds black-and-white photos of people from seemingly bygone eras. In a statement, Priestly said, “the canning jar becomes an infinitely versatile prism where narratives unravel. It can also function as a frame, which proudly displays its contents, or in other contexts, a window that provides a bearable distance for the viewer, or even myself.” The daguerreotype-esque style used in her piece gives it a nostalgic feel. The people (who are people of color in the jars, by the way) portrayed are predominantly black. Her title, Mattoon 5, also prompts the viewer to wonder what happened at Mattoon or if there is an event it is referring to since Mattoon is a city in Coles County, Illinois. Priestly also has another piece I find highly intriguing; this piece uses soup bowls as some sort of vessel that her ancestors can speak through. Debra Priestly is a visual artist exploring themes of memory, ancestry, history and cultural preservation.
Gaku Tsutaja with her pieces, Monk Parakeet Theater and The Project to Dismantle the Enola Gay.

Finally, my favorite artist and artwork since viewing the exhibit a week prior to the class tour is Gaku Tsutaja’s The Project to Dismantle the Enola Gay (2018). This piece is composed of reeds, branches, wire net, Spanish moss, wood, paper, clay, India ink, canvas cloth, net and string. Tsutaja uses the invasive species of monk parakeets to symbolize immigrants in America. The piece portrays parakeets trying to stop the Hiroshima bomber, Enola Gay, before it could drop the atomic bomb and take hundreds of lives. Her other piece located at the Visual Arts gallery is called Monk Parakeet Theater. Most of it is made out of wood but it looks like the interior of a plane—a bomber plane. She uses two video screens which display her drawings and announces excerpts of poems written by Sankichi Toge, a survivor of the Hiroshima bombing. Tsutaja is a Tokyo-born artist whose work focuses on subjects concerning national identity and trauma brought upon by disaster such as the bombing of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.  In a written statement, Tsutaja said, “My research is influenced by living between two cultures and translating experiences as a Japanese immigrant to a generation unaware of significant events. By being intermediaries, the parakeets are revealing what museums should say about objects of war, like how many people the Enola Gay killed. This is information missing from the actual museum where the Enola Gay is displayed.”
These works address socio-political issues while existing inside political and capitalist structure because the artists have brought their background as minorities into the equation and weaved it into cultural capital. But they are also critiquing the structure in which they exist by allowing their work to be displayed publicly to give viewers a chance to discuss the issues their art is focusing on. Tsutaja critiqued World War 2 and the bombing of her home country, Smith critiqued the culture clash between Native Americans and Europeans, Priestly brought her history as a black woman to the forefront by using everyday objects to associate them with relatives.

Yes, these artists do benefit from the capitalist patriarchal system they are in by producing cultural capital (their artwork) to be displayed in galleries in order to gain financially. However, the cultural capital itself—just by existing and prompting gallery viewers and museum goers to think and discuss the political issues the art is targeting—has done the work. These artists, just by being women existing and producing content in the art world (which itself has been a male-centered for a long time) is a statement itself. Like Kusama, they are protesting through art. This is where the line is found that divides activism inside the art world and activism outside of the art world.
A passage in the book, Seeing Power cites, “…. Grassroots movements catapult left-leaning academics to be the faces of a movement, any movement; connectedness in service of data mining and market research; political artists bend over backwards to become palatable, safe, user-friendly.” (Thompson 83) While there is truth in political artists becoming “safe”, I simply do not agree with them being user-friendly and palatable. They are safe because they operate within the confines of museums and galleries in which they obtain the permission of viewers to view politically charged art. Whereas activism outside the world of art can be disruptive to the average civilian and can be labeled “hooliganism” (Pussy Riot’s Performance in the Cathedral of Christ the Savior, Moscow, February 21, 2012). Political artists or art that is political in whatever medium they present themselves as (video, performance art, interpretive dance, sculpture, painting, etc.) can flourish in a controlled space with no objection like the Room of Requirement in Harry Potter where students practiced their defense against the dark arts spells under Harry’s tutelage during a time when it was forbidden to do so.

Everyone is playing this game, whether artist or viewer, producer or consumer. “We gain a sense of how the game is played; and we play it well, for the purpose of gaining more power.” (Thompson 85)  “History is not a new subject matter. But you see here a different approach in telling it--away from the same repeated narrative,” said Yoshimoto.








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